Risk Factors Associated With Contact Dermatitis in Scavengers

Article Sidebar

PDF
Issue
Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Volume 23 No. 1, Januari 2026
Published: Jan 27, 2026
Keywords:
Contact dermatitis,
Scavengers,
Personal hygiene,
Personal protective equipment,
Occupational health

Main Article Content

Dinda Tiara Nurzahrah Dariswan
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga
R. Azizah
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga

Abstract

Contact dermatitis is a common occupational skin disorder among scavengers due to frequent exposure to irritants and allergens in hazardous working environments. This review aims to analyze the association between personal hygiene, duration of work, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) with the incidence of contact dermatitis among scavengers. A systematic literature review was conducted using ten relevant journal articles published within the last five years and retrieved from Google Scholar. The findings consistently indicate a significant association between poor personal hygiene and an increased risk of contact dermatitis (p < 0.05), with scavengers exhibiting inadequate hygiene practices experiencing skin complaints 8.5 times more frequently than those maintaining good hygiene. Prolonged duration of contact and longer employment periods were also found to significantly contribute to the incidence of dermatitis, as extended exposure to irritants exacerbates skin damage. In addition, inadequate use of PPE showed a strong correlation with higher rates of contact dermatitis, highlighting the protective role of physical barriers in preventing direct exposure to harmful substances. Age and sex were also identified as contributing factors, reflecting physiological differences in skin sensitivity and immune response. This review underscores the importance of targeted interventions, including the promotion of proper personal hygiene, consistent use of PPE, and regulation of working duration, to effectively reduce the incidence of contact dermatitis among scavengers. The findings provide comprehensive insights and preventive recommendations to enhance occupational health management for this vulnerable worker population.

Article Details

Section
Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

(CC BY-SA) : This license allows to Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material, for any purpose, even commercially.

The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the journal as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.

Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.

References

Annissa, A., & Annisa, A. (2023). Faktor–Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keluhan Gangguan Kulit pada Nelayan. Faletehan Health Journal, 10(01), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.33746/fhj.v10i01.535

Ardiyanti, N. P., Saputra, K. D. A., & Rosita, N. P. I. (2023). Hubungan Karakteristik Individu Dengan Keluhan Gangguan Kulit Pada Pemulung Sampah Di Tpa Temesi. Cakrawala Ilmiah, 3(4), 1311–1320. http://bajangjournal.com/index.php/JCI%0D

Asiva Noor Rachmayani. (2015). Buku Penyakit Alergi.

Daningrum, D., Sulastri, D., Yuliana, T., Sutisna, M., & Nurkhayati, E. (2022). Determinan Keluhan Penyakit Kulit pada Pemulung di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir. 9(3), 335–342.

Dati, M. C. P. A. dati, Weraman, P., Wahyuni, M. M. D. W., & Adu, A. A. (2025). Studi Epidemiologi Untuk Kejadian Skabies pada Masyrakat Kelurahan Naioni Kota Kupang. 9(April), 2064–2072.

Dewi, N. P. A. R. D., Suyasa, I. G. P. D. S., & Wulandari, I. A. (2022). Hubungan Personal Hygiene Dan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri Dengan Risiko Kejadian Dermatitis Kontak Pada Pemulung. Jurnal Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (JPPNI), 6(3), 118. https://doi.org/10.32419/jppni.v6i3.292

Dewi SR, Tina L, & Andini WOSN. (2017). Hubungan personal hygiene, pengetahuan, dan pemakaian sarung tangan dengan kejadian penyakit dermatitis kontak pada pemulung sampah di TPA Puuwatu Kota Kendari tahun 2016. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat, 2(6), 1–9. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/184961-ID- hubungan-personal-hygiene-pengetahuan-da.pdf

Efendi, D., Nurman, M., & Erlinawati. (2023). Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Dermatitis Kontak Iritan Pada Pekerja Bengkel Sepeda Motor di Kecamatan Kuok. Sehat: Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu, 2(2), 1–9.

Hayati, I., Erlinawati, E., & Lestari, R. R. (2023). Hubungan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Dermatitis Kontak Dengan Kejadian Dermatitis Kontak Di Desa Pantai Raja Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Perhentian Raja. SEHAT : Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu, 1(4), 11–

https://doi.org/10.31004/s-jkt.v1i4.7451

ILO. (2010). Rekomendasi Daftar PAK dan KAK. The ILO’s List of Occupational Diseases

Recommendation, 2002 (No. 194), Revisi, 14. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/ ilo-

jakarta/documents/legaldocument/wcms_622368.pdf

Kafit, M., Herdianti, H., & Gatra, Z. G. (2021). Determinan Penyakit Kulit pada Pemulung di TPA Telaga Punggur. Jurnal Kesehatan Manarang, 7(1), 1.

https://doi.org/10.33490/jkm.v7i1.285

Kolb, L., & Ferrer-Bruker, S. J. (2023). Atopic Dermatitis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448071/

Lisa, R., Santi, T. D., & Fahdhienie, F. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Pencegahan Dermatitis Pada Nelayan Di Wilayah Teupin Pukat Kecamatan Meurah Dua Kabupaten Pidie Jaya Tahun 2022. Journal of Health and Medical Science, 1(4), 41–55. https://pusdikra-publishing.com/index.php/jkes/article/view/884

Litchman, G., Nair, P. A., Atwater, A. R., & Bhutta, B. S. (2023). Contact Dermatitis. National Library of Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459230/

Maksum, T. S., & Sahari, R. M. (2023). Hubungan Personal Hygiene Dengan Keluhan Gangguan Kulit Pada Petugas Pengangkut Sampah. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Mini Riset Mahasiswa (e-ISSN, 2(1), 113–125.

MARBUN, V. E., Sembiring, J., & Syafitri, A. (2023). Hubungan Personal Hygiene Dan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (Apd) Dengan Kejadian Dermatitis Kontak Pada Petugas Pengangkut Sampah Di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (Tpa) Tadukan Rag. Jurnal Penelitian Keperawatan Medik, 6(1), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.36656/jpkm.v6i1.1597

Mareintika, R. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Dermatitis Kontak Pada Pekerja Pabrik Gula. Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional, 4, 855–858. http://jurnal.globalhealthsciencegroup.com/index.php/JPPP

Novitasari, D., Akbar, H., Sutriyawan, A., Riswan, & Magdalena, H. (2023). Analisis Jenis Kelamin, Riwayat Alergi, dan Personal Hygiene dengan Kejadian Dermatitis di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Passi Barat. Jurnal Keperawatan Cikini, 4(1), 40–45.

Nur, S., Ali, R. A., & Yudhawati, D. D. (2023). Identifikasi Faktor Risiko Kejadian Dermatitis Kontak Iritan pada Pekerja Industri Tahu. CoMPHI Journal: Community Medicine and Public Health of Indonesia Journal, 4(1), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.37148/comphijournal.v4i1.146

Prahasanti, K. (2019). Gambaran Kejadian Infeksi Pada Usia Lanjut. Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya, 3(1), 81.

https://doi.org/10.30651/jqm.v3i1.2300

Prahutami, N. S. (2024). The Relationship of Individual Characteristics and Farm Biosecurity Implementation with The Incident of Contact Dermatitis. Ruwa Jurai: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 18(2), 98–105. https://doi.org/10.26630/rj.v18i2.4377

Ramadhan, N. A., Nur, M., Ozim, R., Epidemiologi, D., Kesehatan, F., & Airlangga, U. (2024). Analisis Hubungan Dermatitis Kontak dengan Masa Kerja dan Riwayat Atopi Pekerja Pabrik Rokok Sigaret Tangan ( MPS KUD Tani Mulyo Lamongan ) Analysis of the Relationship between Contact Dermatitis and Work Tenure , as well as Atopic History Among Hand-Roll. 803–809.

Saragih, M., & Siagian, D. (2022). Determinan Of Skin Disease In Scavengers. Tour Health Journal, 1(1), 31–36.

Sholeha, M., Ena Sari, R., & Hidayati, F. (2021). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Gejala Dermatitis Kontak Pada Pemulung Di Tpa Talang Gulo Kota Jambi Tahun 2021. Electronic Journal Scientific of Environmental Health And Disease, 2(2), 82–93. https://doi.org/10.22437/esehad.v2i2.13985

Silvia, E., Anggunan, Effendi, A., & Nurfaridza, I. (2020). The Correlation between Gender