JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan

A Systematic Review of Lean–Safety Integration for Preventing Fire and Explosion Hazards in Industrial Systems

Muhamad Dawaman — 2026-02-07

Fires and explosions in industrial environments pose major risks to personnel, assets, and the environment. Lean thinking, traditionally used to improve operational efficiency by eliminating waste, has increasingly been applied to safety management. This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of 50 peer-reviewed articles to synthesise current evidence on how lean principles support fire and explosion hazard prevention in industrial settings. The review followed a structured search and selection process based on PRISMA guidelines using major scientific databases. The synthesis indicates that lean contributes to safety improvement through three main mechanisms: (1) enhancing workplace organisation and process visibility, which reduces hazard accumulation; (2) supporting early identification of risk sources through structured process analysis; and (3) strengthening continuous improvement cultures that sustain safety practices. Rather than acting as standalone solutions, lean approaches are most effective when integrated with formal safety and risk assessment methods such as HAZOP and Six Sigma. This review consolidates dispersed knowledge on lean–safety applications and identifies current research trends and gaps. The findings highlight lean as a complementary strategy for systematic hazard prevention while maintaining operational performance. Future research directions include quantitative validation and integration with digital monitoring technologies.

Environmental Health Risk Analysis Around the Banjarbakula Landfill Using the HIRADC Approach

Muhammad Irfa'i — 2026-01-28

Landfills are a critical component of urban solid waste management systems; however, when inadequately managed, they may pose substantial risks to environmental quality and public health in surrounding communities. This study aimed to analyze environmental quality and public health risks in the vicinity of the Banjarbakula Landfill. A descriptive–analytic cross-sectional design was employed, integrating measurements of ambient air quality, groundwater quality, and soil quality at selected locations around the landfill with a community health survey. Risk analysis was conducted using the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control (HIRADC) method. The results indicated that concentrations of landfill gases and airborne particulates exceeded environmental quality standards, while groundwater and soil samples were contaminated with heavy metals, including lead, mercury, and cadmium. The community health survey revealed a high prevalence of respiratory disorders, skin diseases, and gastrointestinal disturbances, particularly among residents living closer to the landfill site. Risk assessment identified chemical and biological hazards as the dominant risks, classified as high risk. These findings demonstrate that the management of the Banjarbakula Landfill still requires significant improvements to reduce environmental degradation and public health risks. This study provides a scientific basis for strengthening policy implementation, enhancing landfill management technologies, and improving public health protection in communities surrounding landfill areas.

A Comparative Analysis of Key Factors Influencing Compliance in Medical Solid Waste Management in Healthcare Facilities

Hasina Paradiba — 2026-01-31

Medical solid waste management is a crucial global challenge for healthcare systems due to therisk of nosocomial infections and the resulting environmental impacts. Although Indonesiahas strict regulations, implementation in the field still faces obstacles such as lack of training, inadequate infrastructure, and low awareness among healthcare workers. This contrasts withseveral other Southeast Asian countries that have successfully implemented integrated auditsystems and comprehensive training programs. This study aims to identifyand analyze key factors (knowledge and attitudes) influencing compliance with medical solid waste management inIndonesia and compare it with other Southeast Asian countries.This study used a meta-analysisdesign with a Comparative Systematic Review approach. Secondary data was obtained from asystematic search of PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases for articles published between 2018 and 2025. The analysis showed a significant relationship between staff knowledge and medical waste management compliance. Meanwhile, staff's positive attitudes consistently correlated with higher compliance across both geographic regions, with nosignificant difference in the strength of the effect. Knowledge and attitudes are the main determinants of medical waste management compliance. The dominance of knowledge in Indonesia indicates a gap in technical understanding that needs to be addressed. In general, ]countries with more integrated monitoring and training systems show more stable compliancerates. The Indonesian government and healthcare facility managers are advised to improve ongoing technical training programs and strengthen internal audit systems.

Risk Factors for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Rural Areas of Tilango Health Center, Gorontalo

Yanti Mustafa — 2026-01-31

The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia has set a target for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) elimination by 2030; however, its implementation still faces various challenges in the field. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of pulmonary TB and examine the influence of indoor air quality and a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) on pulmonary TB incidence within the working area of Tilango Health Center, Gorontalo Regency. A case-control study design was employed, with each study group comprising 54 participants. The results showed that Tabumela Village recorded the highest proportion of pulmonary TB cases (31.5%), with most patients being male (55.6%) and aged 45–54 years (25.9%). Environmental factor analysis indicated that natural lighting was significantly associated with pulmonary TB incidence (p = 0.020), whereas humidity, temperature, and household ventilation (p = 0.837; 0.837; 0.558) did not show a significant relationship. A history of BCG immunization and previous COVID-19 infection (p = 0.643; 0.558) were also not significantly associated with pulmonary TB. Conversely, a strong association was observed between DM and pulmonary TB incidence (p < 0.001), indicating that individuals with DM have a higher risk. These findings underscore that pulmonary TB prevention requires improving natural lighting in homes, managing DM, and implementing integrated strategies through housing environment improvements and community education.

Analysis of Hazardous and Toxic Medical Waste Management at Hospital

Candra Ferdian Handriyanto — 2026-01-31

Hospital X in Surabaya generates various types of hazardous and toxic (B3) medical waste that pose potential risks to healthcare workers, patients, the community, and the environment. This study analyzes the B3 medical waste management process, encompassing source segregation, packaging, storage at the temporary hazardous waste storage facility (TPS B3), transportation, and final treatment by licensed third parties. The results indicate that the hospital has implemented waste management practices in accordance with applicable standards and regulations, supported by auxiliary systems such as a 3R temporary storage facility (TPS 3R) for non-B3 waste and a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for liquid waste. Nevertheless, enhanced personnel training and strengthened monitoring are still required to ensure more optimal waste management performance.